INDUSTRIAL PUMPS

API 610

API 610, also known as the American Petroleum Institute Standard 610, is a set of industry standards and specifications for centrifugal pumps used in the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries. These standards are developed and maintained by the American Petroleum Institute (API) and provide guidelines for the design, construction, and testing of centrifugal pumps to ensure they meet the specific needs and safety requirements of these industries.

API 610 standards cover a wide range of aspects related to centrifugal pumps, including:

1. Design Requirements: API 610 specifies design criteria for pumps, including materials of construction, hydraulic design, and mechanical design, to ensure reliability and performance in demanding applications.
2. Construction Requirements: These standards provide guidelines for the fabrication, assembly, and quality control of pump components, ensuring that pumps are built to withstand the harsh conditions of the petrochemical and petroleum industries.
3. Performance Testing: API 610 includes rigorous performance testing procedures that pumps must undergo to verify their flow rates, efficiency, and other performance characteristics.
4. Documentation: The standards require detailed documentation, including pump datasheets, materials certifications, inspection and testing reports, and other records to track the design, construction, and testing processes.
5. Safety: API 610 standards include safety measures to protect pump operators and the environment. This includes requirements for protective devices, sealing systems, and safety instrumentation.
6. Operation and Maintenance: API 610 provides guidelines for the operation, maintenance, and troubleshooting of centrifugal pumps to ensure safe and reliable performance throughout their operational life.

API 610 is divided into several editions, with each edition introducing updates and improvements to reflect advancements in pump technology and industry practices. Users of these standards include pump manufacturers, operators of refineries and petrochemical plants, and engineering firms involved in the design and construction of facilities in the oil and gas industry.

Pumps that comply with API 610 standards are often referred to as “API 610 pumps” or “API pumps” and are highly regarded for their reliability and performance in critical applications within the oil and gas sector. The specific requirements for pumps can vary depending on factors such as the type of fluid being pumped, operating conditions, and safety considerations, so compliance with API 610 helps ensure that pumps meet these specialized requirements.

• Afton
• Dean
• Carver
• Ruhrpumpen

ANSI B73.1

ANSI B73.1, also known as ASME B73.1, is a standard developed by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). It specifies the design and construction requirements for centrifugal pumps used in industrial applications. ANSI B73.1 is part of a series of standards that address the design and performance criteria for different types of centrifugal pumps, providing a common framework for pump manufacturers and users to ensure safety, reliability, and interchangeability.

Key features and aspects covered by ANSI B73.1 include:

1. Design and Construction: The standard outlines design criteria and construction requirements for various components of centrifugal pumps, such as impellers, casings, shafts, bearings, and seals.
2. Materials of Construction: ANSI B73.1 specifies the materials that should be used for pump components, including material options for different parts based on factors like the pumped fluid’s corrosiveness, temperature, and other properties.
3. Performance Testing: The standard provides guidelines for testing the performance of centrifugal pumps to ensure they meet specified flow rates, head (pressure), and efficiency requirements.
4. Mounting and Dimensions: ANSI B73.1 establishes mounting dimensions and arrangements to facilitate the interchangeability of pumps made by different manufacturers, allowing end-users to replace pumps without significant modifications to existing systems.
5. Safety and Reliability: The standard includes safety considerations and requirements to ensure the safe operation of centrifugal pumps, including safeguards against hazards like leakage, over-pressurization, and mechanical failures.
6. Documentation: ANSI B73.1 calls for comprehensive documentation, including pump datasheets, materials certifications, inspection reports, and testing records to provide traceability and quality control.
7. Maintenance and Troubleshooting: The standard may include recommendations for pump maintenance and troubleshooting procedures to ensure the long-term reliability and performance of pumps.
8. Marking and Identification: ANSI B73.1 may specify requirements for marking and identification of pumps, making it easier for users to identify and maintain their equipment.

ANSI B73.1 is just one part of the ANSI B73 series, which includes different standards for various types and configurations of centrifugal pumps. The specific designation “B73.1” typically refers to the standard for horizontal end-suction centrifugal pumps. Other parts of the series, such as B73.2 (vertical inline), B73.3 (vertical sump), and B73.5 (sealless), cover different pump designs and applications.

Engineers, pump manufacturers, and users in industrial sectors frequently refer to ANSI B73.1 when specifying, designing, purchasing, or maintaining centrifugal pumps. Compliance with these standards ensures that pumps meet recognized industry criteria for quality, safety, and performance.

• Griswold
• Peerless
• Curflo
• Labour-Taber

CHEMICAL TRANSFER

A good chemical transfer pump is essential for safely and efficiently handling various chemicals in industrial, laboratory, and process applications. When selecting a chemical transfer pump, several important factors need to be considered to ensure it meets the specific needs of the application and complies with safety and regulatory requirements. Here are the key characteristics that make a chemical transfer pump good:

1. Chemical Compatibility: The pump must be made of materials that are chemically compatible with the fluids it will handle. Different chemicals can react with pump materials, so it’s crucial to select a pump constructed from materials that won’t corrode or degrade when exposed to the chemicals being transferred.
2. Seal Integrity: A good chemical transfer pump should have effective sealing mechanisms to prevent leaks or fugitive emissions, especially when handling hazardous or toxic chemicals. Double mechanical seals or sealless designs may be necessary for certain applications.
3. Resistance to Corrosion: Chemicals can be corrosive, so the pump must be resistant to corrosion and designed to withstand the specific corrosive properties of the transferred chemicals.
4. Flow Rate and Pressure: The pump’s flow rate and pressure capabilities should match the requirements of the application. It’s essential to choose a pump that can deliver the desired flow rate at the required pressure to ensure efficient transfer.
5. Chemical Compatibility with Seals and Gaskets: Not only the pump materials but also the seals and gaskets used should be chemically compatible with the transferred fluids to prevent leakage.
6. Temperature Range: The pump should be capable of handling the temperature range of the chemicals being transferred. Some chemicals may require heating or cooling during the transfer process.
7. Viscosity Handling: Different chemicals have varying viscosities. The pump should be able to handle the viscosity of the fluid without excessive resistance.
8. Suction and Discharge Head: Consider the height from which the pump needs to draw the chemical (suction head) and the height to which it needs to deliver the chemical (discharge head). The pump should be capable of handling these vertical distances.
9. Safety Features: Good chemical transfer pumps often include safety features such as leak detection, pressure relief valves, and grounding to prevent static electricity buildup in flammable environments.
10. Ease of Maintenance: Maintenance is essential for the longevity and reliability of the pump. A good pump should be designed for easy maintenance, with readily accessible components and clear maintenance procedures.
11. Regulatory Compliance: Ensure that the pump complies with relevant industry standards and safety regulations for handling chemicals. In some cases, certification or compliance with specific standards may be required.
12. Portability and Mobility: Depending on the application, it may be necessary for the pump to be portable or easily moved between different locations. Consider the pump’s size, weight, and mobility features.
13. Cost-Effectiveness: While quality is crucial, it’s also essential to consider the cost-effectiveness of the pump, including its initial purchase price, operating costs, and energy efficiency.
14. Application-Specific Features: Depending on the specific application, additional features such as variable speed control, self-priming capability, and compatibility with automation systems may be necessary.
15. Manufacturer Reputation and Support: Choose a reputable manufacturer with a history of producing reliable chemical transfer pumps. Good customer support and readily available spare parts are important considerations.

Ultimately, the choice of a chemical transfer pump should be based on a thorough assessment of the chemicals to be transferred, the operational requirements, and safety considerations. Consulting with experts or engineers experienced in chemical handling is often advisable to select the most suitable pump for the application.

• Wilfley
• Finish Thompson
• Hyrdra Cell
• Flux
• CAT
• Flomotion

CRYOGENIC

A cryogenic pump is a specialized type of pump designed to handle extremely low temperatures, typically below -150 degrees Celsius (-238 degrees Fahrenheit) or lower. These pumps are specifically engineered to transfer and circulate cryogenic fluids, which are substances at temperatures near absolute zero and are often encountered in applications like liquefied natural gas (LNG) processing, cryogenic storage, and scientific research. Here are the key features and characteristics of cryogenic pumps:

1. Low Temperature Handling: Cryogenic pumps are designed to operate in environments with temperatures significantly below freezing, where most standard pumps would fail due to freezing or thermal contraction issues.
2. Hermetically Sealed: To prevent heat infiltration and maintain cryogenic temperatures, these pumps are typically hermetically sealed, meaning they have a completely closed and insulated design with minimal heat exchange with the surroundings.
3. Materials Selection: Materials used in cryogenic pumps are carefully chosen for their low-temperature performance and compatibility with cryogenic fluids. Materials like stainless steel, aluminum, and special alloys are common choices.
4. Expanding Gases: Cryogenic fluids often expand significantly when warmed, and cryogenic pumps are designed to handle this expansion without issues like cavitation or damage to the pump.
5. Positive Displacement or Centrifugal: Cryogenic pumps can be of various types, including positive displacement and centrifugal designs, depending on the specific application and requirements.
6. Low Pulsation: For applications where a steady flow is crucial, cryogenic pumps are often designed with low pulsation characteristics to ensure a consistent and continuous flow of cryogenic fluid.
7. Safety Features: Cryogenic pumps may incorporate safety features such as leak detection, pressure relief valves, and thermal insulation to prevent accidents and ensure safe operation.
8. Applications: Cryogenic pumps are commonly used in industries where cryogenic fluids are handled, including LNG processing and transportation, cryogenic storage and distribution, aerospace, and scientific research (e.g., superconductivity studies).
9. Recirculation and Transfer: They are used for recirculating cryogenic fluids within systems, transferring cryogenic liquids from storage to point of use, and handling the transfer of gases during cryogenic processes.
10. Maintenance and Lubrication: Due to the extreme temperatures involved, lubrication and maintenance procedures for cryogenic pumps are specialized and designed to work effectively at cryogenic temperatures.

Cryogenic pumps are crucial components in various industries, enabling the safe and efficient handling of liquefied gases and supercooled fluids. Their ability to operate in extremely low-temperature environments makes them essential for processes such as LNG liquefaction, rocket propulsion, and low-temperature research. The selection of a cryogenic pump depends on factors such as the specific cryogenic fluid, flow rate, temperature range, and safety requirements of the application.

• Nikkiso

FIRE PUMPS

Industrial fire pumps are critical components of fire protection systems in various facilities, including factories, warehouses, refineries, and large commercial buildings. These pumps are designed to provide a reliable and robust water supply for firefighting efforts. The requirements for industrial fire pumps can vary depending on local regulations and specific application needs, but there are some common features and requirements to consider.

Beyond the typical information required to specify a pump (flow, discharge pressure, suction pressure availability, etc.) the following must be considered.

1. Reliability: Fire pumps must be highly reliable and capable of continuous operation for extended periods during a fire emergency. They should undergo regular maintenance and testing to ensure operational readiness.
2. Power Source: Industrial fire pumps are typically powered by electric motors or diesel engines. Backup power sources, such as generators, may be required to ensure operation during power outages.
3. Material and Construction: Fire pumps should be constructed from durable and corrosion-resistant materials, as they are exposed to harsh environmental conditions. The materials should comply with relevant standards, such as those established by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA).
4. Compliance with Standards: Fire pumps must meet specific standards and regulations, such as NFPA 20, which outlines the installation, operation, and maintenance requirements for fire pumps. Compliance with local building codes and regulations is also essential.
5. Testing and Inspection: Regular testing and inspection of fire pumps are crucial to ensure their performance. Testing should include flow tests, pressure tests, and full-load operational tests.
6. Redundancy: In critical applications, redundancy is often required to ensure the reliability of the fire protection system. This may involve having multiple fire pumps or backup pumps.
7. Overload and Overheat Protection: Fire pumps should have safeguards to prevent overheating and overloading during extended operation.
8. Location and Installation: The placement and installation of fire pumps must adhere to specific guidelines, including proximity to water sources, structural support, and vibration isolation.

It’s important to work with qualified fire protection engineers and consult local authorities to determine the precise requirements for an industrial fire pump system in your specific application.

• Peerless

WASTEWATER PUMPS

A wastewater pump is designed to transport and move wastewater from various sources to a treatment facility or a disposal point. Wastewater pumps are commonly used in residential, commercial, and industrial applications. Here are some key features and functions of wastewater pumps:

1. Transporting Wastewater: Wastewater pumps are used to move wastewater, including sewage, graywater, and other liquids containing solid and organic matter, from homes, buildings, or industrial facilities to sewage treatment plants or septic systems.
2. Types of Wastewater Pumps: There are several types of wastewater pumps, including submersible pumps, dry pit pumps, and sewage ejector pumps. Submersible pumps are designed to be submerged in the wastewater, while dry pit pumps are installed in a dry chamber. Sewage ejector pumps are typically used in residential applications to pump sewage from lower levels to higher ones, such as from a basement to a sewer line.
3. Solid Handling: Wastewater pumps are designed to handle solids that may be present in sewage, such as toilet paper, food scraps, and other debris. They are equipped with impellers and components that can pass solids without clogging.
4. Corrosion Resistance: Given the corrosive nature of wastewater, wastewater pumps are often made from materials that resist corrosion, such as stainless steel or corrosion-resistant coatings.
5. Reliability: These pumps are expected to operate reliably and continuously, especially in critical applications, such as municipal sewage systems. Regular maintenance and monitoring are essential to ensure their proper functioning.
6. Control Systems: Many wastewater pump systems include control systems that monitor and regulate pump operation, ensuring efficient and effective wastewater transport. These systems may also include alarms to alert operators to issues or failures.
7. Lift Capacity: The lift capacity of a wastewater pump refers to its ability to lift wastewater from a lower point to a higher point. The lift capacity is an important consideration when designing sewage systems.
8. Grinder Pumps: In areas where wastewater must be pumped over longer distances or through narrow pipes, grinder pumps may be used. These pumps have a cutting mechanism that shreds solid materials before pumping, reducing the risk of clogs.
9. Backup Systems: In critical applications, redundancy is often built into the system. This includes backup power sources to ensure pump operation during power outages and backup pumps to maintain the flow of wastewater in case of a primary pump failure.

• Grundfos
• Deming
• Tsurumi

PRESSURE BOOSTING PUMPS

A pressure boosting skid, often referred to as a pressure boosting system or pump skid, is a pre-engineered, compact unit designed to increase the pressure of a fluid within a piping system. It’s commonly used in industrial, commercial, and municipal applications to ensure that water, liquids, or gases flow at the required pressure and rate.

Pressure boosting skids are utilized in a variety of applications, including:

1. Municipal Water Supply: Boosting water pressure in municipal water distribution systems to ensure consistent flow and pressure in buildings, especially in areas with low water pressure.
2. Commercial Buildings: Ensuring adequate water pressure for multi-story buildings, hotels, shopping centers, and other commercial properties.
3. Industrial Processes: Maintaining the required pressure for various industrial processes, such as manufacturing, cooling systems, and chemical processing.
4. Irrigation: Increasing water pressure for agricultural irrigation systems.
5. Fire Protection: Supplying water at the necessary pressure for fire protection systems, including fire sprinklers.
6. Oil and Gas: Boosting pressure in pipelines for oil and gas transport.

Pressure boosting skids are typically engineered to meet specific project requirements and may vary in complexity and size. They offer the advantage of compactness, ease of installation, and efficient control over fluid pressure, making them a valuable component in many fluid transport and distribution systems.

• Grundfos
• Wilo
• Carver

CLEAN LIQUID TRANSFER PUMPS

A clean liquid transfer pump is a type of pump designed specifically for moving clean or non-corrosive liquids, such as water, chemicals, beverages, pharmaceuticals, and other non-abrasive fluids. A variety of pump technologies can be used to accomplish this operation, like ANSI B73.1

• Grundfos
• Curflo
• Dean
• Goulds G & L
• Griswold
• Hayward Gordon
• Hydra Cell
• Liberty Process
• MTH
• PACO
• Pioneer
• Tonkaflo

DOSING / METERING PUMPS

A metering pump, also known as a dosing pump, is a type of positive displacement pump designed to accurately and precisely deliver a specific volume of liquid, chemical, or solution into a process or system at a controlled and consistent rate. Metering pumps are commonly used in water treatment, chemical manufacturing, food and beverage production, pharmaceuticals, and many other applications where precise chemical dosing or liquid flow control is essential. Here are the key features and functions of metering pumps:

1. Precise Dosing: Metering pumps are known for their ability to accurately and consistently deliver a specific volume of fluid. They are used in applications where even small variations in flow rate can have a significant impact, such as water treatment or chemical processes.
2. Positive Displacement: These pumps operate on the positive displacement principle, which means they trap and move a fixed amount of fluid with each stroke or cycle. This design ensures a consistent and predictable flow rate.
3. Variable Flow Rate: Most metering pumps are adjustable, allowing operators to control the flow rate by changing stroke length, stroke frequency, or other parameters. This flexibility is crucial for adapting to changing process requirements.
4. Chemical Compatibility: Metering pumps are designed to handle a wide range of liquids, including corrosive chemicals, viscous solutions, and abrasive slurries. Materials of construction are carefully selected to match the chemical compatibility of the fluid being pumped.
5. Various Pump Types: There are several types of metering pumps, including diaphragm pumps, piston pumps, peristaltic pumps, and gear pumps, each with its own advantages and limitations. The choice of pump type depends on factors like flow rate, pressure, and the specific application.
6. Check Valves: Metering pumps typically use check valves (one-way valves) to control the flow of liquid into and out of the pump chamber. This design prevents backflow and ensures precise dosing.
7. Monitoring and Control: Many metering pump systems include sophisticated control systems and feedback mechanisms to monitor and adjust the dosing rate in real-time. These controls can be manually operated or integrated into automation systems.
8. Applications: Metering pumps are used in a wide range of applications, including chemical injection for water treatment, pH control in industrial processes, dosing of additives in food production, and accurate drug delivery in pharmaceutical manufacturing, among others.
9. Safety and Reliability: Accurate dosing is crucial in applications where safety and product quality are paramount. Metering pumps are designed with reliability and safety in mind.
10. Maintenance: Regular maintenance is essential to ensure the continued accuracy and reliability of metering pumps. This includes checking and replacing diaphragms, seals, and valves as needed.

• Grundfos
• Finish Thompson
• Iwaki
• Graco
• IMO
• Zenith
• Abaque
• Hydra Cell
• Flowmotion

SANITARY PUMPS

Sanitary pumps are a category of pumps designed and manufactured to meet strict hygiene and sanitary requirements, particularly for applications in the food and beverage, pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and cosmetic industries. These pumps are intended for the safe and sanitary handling of products, ensuring that the fluids being processed remain free from contamination and maintain their purity throughout the pumping process. Sanitary pumps are also known for their ease of cleaning and maintenance to meet the high standards of these industries. Here are some key features and applications of sanitary pumps:

Key Features of Sanitary Pumps:

1. Smooth and Clean Surfaces: Sanitary pumps are designed with smooth and polished surfaces to prevent the accumulation of product residue, ensuring easy cleaning and sanitation.
2. Stainless Steel Construction: Many sanitary pumps are made from stainless steel or other corrosion-resistant materials to withstand the harsh cleaning agents and chemicals used in the sanitation process.
3. Seal Design: Sanitary pumps often incorporate specialized sealing mechanisms to prevent contamination and product leakage, such as mechanical seals or sanitary gaskets.
4. Easily Disassembled: They are designed to be easily disassembled for cleaning and maintenance without the need for special tools.
5. Hygienic Connections: Sanitary pumps typically feature sanitary fittings and connections, such as tri-clamp or hygienic flanges, to ensure a secure and hygienic connection with the rest of the processing equipment.
6. FDA and cGMP Compliance: Sanitary pumps are typically designed and manufactured to meet the standards set by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP).

Applications of Sanitary Pumps:

1. Food and Beverage Industry: Sanitary pumps are used for handling a wide range of food and beverage products, including milk, juices, sauces, and liquid ingredients. They are critical in the production of dairy products, soft drinks, and breweries, among others.
2. Pharmaceutical Industry: Sanitary pumps play a crucial role in the pharmaceutical industry for transferring pharmaceutical ingredients, drug formulations, and sterile solutions in a sanitary and contamination-free manner.
3. Biotechnology: Sanitary pumps are used in biotech applications for handling and processing sensitive biological materials, such as cell cultures, vaccines, and biopharmaceuticals.
4. Cosmetic Industry: In the cosmetic industry, sanitary pumps are employed for transferring and processing cosmetic ingredients and products, such as lotions, creams, and shampoos.
5. Chemical Industry: Some chemical processes require the use of sanitary pumps to maintain product purity and prevent contamination in specialty chemical applications.
6. Dairy Industry: In dairy processing, sanitary pumps are used to transfer milk, cream, and other dairy products while maintaining sanitary conditions.

• Ampco

CHEMICAL INJECTION PUMPS (Oil and Gas Industry)

Chemical injection pumps in the oil and gas industry play a critical role in maintaining the integrity, safety, and efficiency of various processes. These pumps are designed to precisely and reliably inject chemicals, such as corrosion inhibitors, scale inhibitors, demulsifiers, biocides, and other specialized fluids, into pipelines, wellheads, and production facilities. The specific application and choice of chemical injection pump can vary depending on the requirements of the process and the chemicals involved. Here are key aspects of chemical injection pumps in the oil and gas industry:

1. Applications of Chemical Injection Pumps in Oil and Gas:

• Corrosion Control: Injecting corrosion inhibitors into pipelines and well casings to protect against rust and corrosion.
• Scale Inhibition: Injecting scale inhibitors to prevent scale buildup in pipes and equipment.
• Hydrate Prevention: Injecting thermodynamic hydrate inhibitors (THIs) to prevent the formation of gas hydrates in subsea or offshore pipelines.
• Paraffin and Asphaltene Control: Injecting chemicals to prevent the deposition of paraffin and asphaltene in production facilities and pipelines.
• Biocide Injection: Injecting biocides to control and prevent the growth of microorganisms in water injection systems, pipelines, and storage tanks.
• Emulsion Breaking: Injecting demulsifiers to break down emulsions and facilitate the separation of oil and water in production processes.
• Production Chemicals: Injecting chemicals to improve production processes, such as surfactants for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) or chemicals to modify the properties of crude oil.

• Graco (PV Powered)
• Wilden (AODD)

PRODUCED WATER DISPOSAL PUMPS

A produced water disposal pump is a type of pump used in the oil and gas industry to transport and dispose of produced water, which is a byproduct of oil and natural gas production. Produced water is typically a mixture of water, hydrocarbons, and various contaminants that are co-produced with oil and gas from underground reservoirs. This water must be separated from the hydrocarbons and properly disposed of or treated to meet environmental regulations. Here are key features and functions of produced water disposal pumps:

1. Handling Produced Water: Produced water contains a mixture of oil, gas, and solids. Disposal pumps are designed to handle this complex and often abrasive fluid, transferring it from the production site to its final destination.
2. Corrosion Resistance: Due to the corrosive and potentially abrasive nature of produced water, these pumps are often constructed from materials resistant to corrosion and wear, such as stainless steel or specialized coatings.
3. Solids Handling: Depending on the stage, produced water can contain solid particles like sand, silt, and other debris. Disposal pumps are designed to handle these solids without clogging.
4. Efficiency: Disposal pumps are designed for efficient operation to minimize energy consumption and operational costs, as they may operate continuously or at high volumes.
5. Water Treatment: In some cases, produced water disposal pumps may transport the water to treatment facilities where it can be treated to meet environmental standards before disposal.

• Hoss
• Kerr
• Gorman-Rupp
• Carver
• Curflo